ANSWER: mountain (山) battles (戰) sea (水) battles (戰)
The Sino-Korean phrase 산전수전 (山戰水戰) can translate as "fighting all sorts of hardships," but it literally means "mountain (山) battles (戰) [and] sea (水) battles (戰)," which suggests that someone who has fought such battles has experienced great hardship.
Here is a sentence from a Korean book I am reading that uses the expression. The English translation is mine.
어머니께서는 산전수전을 겪으시며 우리를 훌륭히 키우셨다.
Though she was experiencing all sorts of hardships, our mother raised us remarkedly well.
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| From Dong-A's Prime Korean-English Dictionary |
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